Motsogozedwa ndi Komiti ya Council for Freedom and Responsibility in Science (CFRS), udindowu umayankha chidwi chomwe chikukula pakati pa mamembala a ISC pamakhalidwe a ndalama zofufuzira. Imayang'ana gawo limodzi lofunikira komwe kupita patsogolo kothandiza komanso kotsika mtengo kuli kotheka kwa onse, kuyambira ofufuza pawokha kupita ku maboma: kuwonetsetsa kuti kafukufuku amaperekedwa.
Sayansi imathandizidwa ndi mabungwe ambiri: maboma, mafakitale, mabungwe omwe siaboma, ndi othandizira. Mu dongosolo lovutali, maulalo obisika a ndalama angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupotoza zomwe asayansi apeza, kusokeretsa anthu, ndi kupondereza umboni. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa kotereku kumawonjezera mabodza, kumawononga kukhulupirira sayansi, ndipo kungawononge anthu ndi dziko lapansi.
Udindo watsopano wa ISC umafuna kuwonekera kwathunthu pazandalama za kafukufuku ngati njira yosavuta, yachangu, komanso yothandiza yodzitchinjiriza ku zoopsazi. Ikuwonetsanso kuti kuteteza sayansi ndi udindo wogawana womwe umachokera ku ufulu wa anthu. Sayansi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, anthu amaletsedwa kupeza chidziwitso chodalirika, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwamunthu ufulu kutenga nawo mbali ndi kupindula ndi sayansi.
Bungwe la International Science Council lili ndi udindo wowonetsa poyera ndalama za kafukufuku
Njira yasayansi imadalira pakuwonekera, kukangana ndi kutsutsa, mfundo zazikuluzikulu, umboni, ndi zosatsimikizika ndipo zimasokonezedwa pamene ndondomekoyi yasokonezedwa kapena kuponderezedwa. Zokonda zachuma ndi zina za opereka ndalama ndi ofufuza zitha kuyambitsa mikangano yachidwi ndi kupotoza kapena kupondereza njira zofufuzira ndi zotsatira zake. Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti mkangano wasayansi ukuyenda bwino komanso kupanga chidziwitso, ndikofunikira kuti magwero a ndalama zopangira kafukufuku awululidwe poyera. Ndalama zopangira kafukufuku ndi mabungwe apadera, ndi maboma, mabungwe omwe si a boma ndi opereka chithandizo atha kudziwitsidwa ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi zachuma, ndale kapena zolinga zamaganizo, zomwe zingapangitse chidwi chokhazikika pa zotsatira zinazake za kafukufuku yemwe akuthandizidwa ndi ndalama. Kukhalapo kwa zinthu zotere n’kosapeŵeka. Zolakwika zomwe malowa akufuna kuthana nazo ndi pomwe opereka ndalama ndi ochita kafukufuku akufuna kukopa, kusokoneza kapena kusokoneza njira zofufuzira ndi zotsatira zake pothandizira izi.
Mabizinesi amakono asayansi amadalira njira zosiyanasiyana zopezera ndalama m'mabungwe aboma (monga m'madipatimenti aboma ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana), mabungwe azibizinesi (mafakitale ndi mabungwe ena opeza phindu) ndi mabungwe aboma (monga magwero achifundo ndi mabungwe omwe siaboma). Zonse zimayendetsa zatsopano ndikuthandizira kupita patsogolo kofunikira komwe kumapititsa patsogolo ndikuteteza moyo wa anthu ndi dziko lapansi. Komabe, kafukufuku wa sayansi onse ali pachiwopsezo chachinyengo komanso kukondera komwe kumakhudza opereka ndalama ndi ofufuza omwe angasokoneze kulondola komanso zotsatira za anthu. Kuopsa kwachinyengo ndi kukondera kumachepetsedwa pamene magwero a ndalama ndi maubwenzi pakati pa opereka ndalama ndi ochita kafukufuku ali otseguka kuti awunikenso ndi anthu komanso asayansi.
Nthawi zina, opereka ndalama omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri omwe ali ndi zokonda zachuma kapena zosagwirizana ndi zachuma atha kuthandizira mwanzeru zochita zomwe zimasokoneza, kusokoneza, kusokoneza kapena kusokoneza mgwirizano wokhazikika wasayansi wopititsa patsogolo zokondazo. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndalama zofufuzira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusokoneza kukhulupirika ndi zotsatira za sayansi ndikufalitsa zabodza komanso zabodza.[1]
Pali zonena zabodza komanso zosokoneza, zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa "playbook", zomwe zimadalira maubwenzi pakati pa opereka ndalama ndi ochita kafukufuku omwe amabisika kwa anthu." Iwo amagwira ntchito, mwa zina, chifukwa anthu amakhulupilira kuti kafukufuku amene akukhudzidwayo amapangidwa mopanda zamalonda kapena zofuna zina zapadera. Zotsutsana ndi sayansi zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mafakitale a fodya, mafuta ophatikizika, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndizochitika makamaka. Njira zawo ndi zotsatira zake tsopano zikudziwika kwambiri kuti apeze malonda osocheretsa komanso osocheretsa anthu ambiri - kusokoneza malonda ndi dala. zotsatira zoipa pa thanzi la munthu ndi chilengedwe Komanso, pali zotsutsana ndi sayansi zochita ndi maboma, kupititsa patsogolo zolinga zosiyanasiyana, monga zomwe zimakhudza umoyo ndi chilengedwe ndondomeko. Makampeni apadziko lonse lapansi awa akupitilirabe, monganso zoyeserera zazing'ono zambiri zobisa umboni wasayansi pamagawo ambiri asayansi padziko lonse lapansi. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito molakwa ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito molakwa kwa dongosolo la sayansi kumafooketsa chikhulupiriro cha anthu mu sayansi ndipo kungathe kuvulaza kwambiri anthu. Chiwopsezochi ndi chachikulu kwambiri kuposa World Economic Forum 2025 Global Risks Report imatchula mfundo zabodza komanso zosokoneza (mochuluka, ndi kupitirira gawo la sayansi) monga chiopsezo chachikulu cha nthawi yochepa pa chitukuko cha anthu pazaka ziwiri zikubwerazi - patsogolo pa zochitika za nyengo yoopsa ndi nkhondo - komanso ngati imodzi yokha mwa zoopsa zazikulu za 5 pazaka khumi zikubwerazi zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Zithunzi za ISC Mfundo za Ufulu ndi Udindo mu Sayansi tsindikani za udindo wogawana m'dongosolo lonse la sayansi yapadziko lonse lapansi kuwonetsetsa kuti kafukufuku wasayansi, deta, ndi zomwe apeza sizikukhudzidwa ndi mavuto azachuma ndi mikangano ina yomwe imatsogolera kusokoneza kafukufuku wasayansi. Kulola kuti sayansi igwiritsidwe ntchito pofalitsa nkhani zabodza komanso zosokoneza kukuwonetsa kulephera kwa mfundozi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabodza, zosokeretsa komanso zovulaza. Mwachikhazikitso, izi zimalepheretsa kuyimitsidwa ndi udindo wa sayansi monga ubwino wapadziko lonse lapansi - zambiri zolakwika sizingakhale zothandiza. Monga zikuwonekera mu 2024 lipoti ku UN Human Rights Council ndi Mtolankhani Wapadera pazaufulu wa chikhalidwe, kusokoneza umboni wa sayansi, deta, ndi mgwirizano pazambiri zabodza komanso zosokoneza kampeni zikuwonetsanso kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa ufulu kutenga nawo mbali ndi kupindula ndi sayansi mwa kuletsa anthu kupeza chidziŵitso cholondola cha sayansi ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito m’njira zopindulitsa.
Mu 2022 Secretary-General wa UN adapereka lipoti, Kulimbana ndi Disinformation, zomwe zimafuna kuti pakhale ndalama zolimbana ndi mabodza. Zida zambiri zilipo kuti zithandizire kuthana ndi zabodza komanso zosokoneza, koma njira imodzi yosavuta komanso yosatsutsika yomwe gulu la asayansi ndiloyenera kutsatira kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo likuumirira kuwonekera kwa magwero onse opangira kafukufuku, mosasamala kanthu za komwe amachokera. Kuwonekera kwandalama, ngakhale sikuli yankho lathunthu, ndi gawo losavuta loyamba lochepetsera komanso kuchotsa zida zotsutsana ndi sayansi komanso kampeni yodziwitsa anthu zabodza. Kuchita zinthu mwachisawawa sikutanthauza kuchepetsedwa kwa ndalama, ndipo mabungwe ali kale ndi chidziwitso chonse chofunikira. Chifukwa chake, ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito kuwonekera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika, pomwe mphotho zake zimatha kukhala zazikulu - kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwasayansi ndi kudalira sayansi, zomwe zimapindulitsa anthu.
Gulu la asayansi padziko lonse lapansi - m'magawo onse, kuyambira kwa anthu kupita ku mabungwe ndi maboma - ali ndi udindo wowonetsetsa ndikukulitsa kuwonekera kwa magwero onse opangira kafukufuku. Udindowu wakhala wofulumira kwambiri chifukwa kuchepa kwa ndalama za boma kwachititsa kuti mayunivesite ndi mabungwe ena afukufuku, mwachitsanzo, atengere njira zambiri zamalonda, kuphatikizapo kupeza ndalama zamagulu apadera. Kusintha kumeneku kumachitika nthawi zambiri popanda kuganizira mowonekera.
ISC imanena kuti kuwonetsa poyera ndalama za kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazantchito zasayansi zodalirika komanso njira yoyamba yodzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi kusokonekera kwa kukhulupirika kwa kafukufuku komanso kufalitsa zabodza komanso zabodza. ISC imalimbikitsa kuti:
[1] ISC imatsatira Kumvetsetsa kwa UN pazabodza ndi disinformation, pamene nkhani zabodza zimanena za kufalitsa mosayembekezeka kwa chidziŵitso chonama pamene nkhani zabodza n’zachinyengo.
Chithunzi ndi micheile henderson on Unsplash
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