Malangizo a Upangiri pa Academia-Industry Partnerships (2012)

Malangizo a Advisory Note

Ophunzira adalimbikitsidwa kuganiza mwachidwi komanso momasuka kugawana malingaliro omwe sanganenedwe payekha. Zinadziwika poyamba kuti pali madera omwe maubwenzi amakampani a maphunziro akugwira ntchito bwino - komanso zomwe maphunziro angaphunzire - koma pali madera ena ambiri omwe maubwenzi ayenera kukonzedwa. Cholinga chake chinali chomaliza, mkati mwazovuta zazikulu zakusakhazikika kwapadziko lonse lapansi. Kukambitsirana kunali kosiyanasiyana komanso kolemera ndipo, kubwera monga momwe zidakhalira pakati pavuto lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi, panali malingaliro amphamvu akuti momwe zinthu ziliri ndizosavomerezeka komanso kufunika kokhala ndi ubale wamphamvu komanso wopindulitsa kwambiri pakati pa ophunzira ndi mafakitale akuwonjezeka mwachangu. .

Msonkhano wa Sigtuna unakonzedwa ndi Komiti ya Ufulu ndi Udindo mu khalidwe la Sayansi (CFRS), yomwe ndi komiti ya ndondomeko ya International Council for Science, mogwirizana ndi Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ndi Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering. Lipoti la msonkhano likupezeka patsamba la ICSU. Mawu achidule otsatirawa ndi chidule cha zina mwazopereka zofunika kwambiri ndi zomaliza. Ngakhale kuti nkhani zomwe zasonyezedwa m’Chidziwitso Chauphunguchi zikusonyeza mgwirizano pakati pa anthu amene anapezeka pa msonkhanowo, a CFRS ndi amene ali ndi udindo pa zimene zili mkati mwake.

Maphunziro-mafakitale mgwirizano mu chikhalidwe cha anthu

Onse amaphunziro ndi mafakitale akuphatikizidwa, ndipo amadalira, chikhalidwe cha anthu. Zolinga, zolimbikitsa ndi zovuta za mgwirizano pakati pa maphunziro ndi mafakitale zikhoza kuganiziridwa bwino poganizira zosowa ndi zofuna za anthu onse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti mikhalidwe yokwaniritsa maubwenzi oterowo ikhoza kukhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi dziko ndi dziko, ndipo magawo osiyanasiyana a sayansi amadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zachuma, chikhalidwe, mbiri ndi maphunziro.

Maudindo azikhalidwe zamasukulu ndi mafakitale pamaphunziro, maphunziro, kupanga chidziwitso, luso lazopangapanga komanso kupanga pamsika ndizofunikira kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 21 monga momwe zinalili kale. Kulimbikitsa maudindowa kudzera mu mgwirizano wogwira mtima ndi cholinga choyenera komanso chofunikira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pakufunika mwamsanga kuthana ndi Mavuto Aakulu Padziko Lonse omwe akuwopseza tsogolo la anthu ndi dziko lonse lapansi. Pali kufunikira kwa maphunziro ndi mafakitale, kugwira ntchito ndi magulu ena a anthu, kuti apange njira zothetsera chakudya, madzi ndi chitetezo cha mphamvu, komanso kuthetsa umphawi ndi thanzi labwino. Kugwirizana kwatsopano pakati pa sayansi yamagulu aboma ndi mabizinesi abizinesi ndikofunikira kuti athane ndi zovuta izi, mkati mwa lingaliro lomwe likukula kumene la Green Growth.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zoyesayesa zomwe zimafunika kuti pakhale mgwirizano wogwira mtima wamaphunziro ndi mafakitale, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za anthu zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri, siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Njira zambiri zolimbikitsira kulumikizana pakati pa maphunziro ndi mafakitale zayesedwa mosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina iwo agwira ntchito bwino, pamene ena sanapambane. Palibe chitsanzo chimodzi chophweka chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazochitika zonse m'mayiko onse. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimafanana zomwe, ngati ziganiziridwa bwino ndi kuwongolera zingathandize kupewa kusamvana ndi mbuna.

Kumvetsetsana

Mgwirizano uliwonse wogwira mtima umakhazikika pakumvetsetsa, ndi kulemekeza, zokonda zofananira ndi zosiyana. Kodi zolimbikitsa ndi zolimbikitsa za akatswiri azamaphunziro ndi mabizinesi ndi chiyani? Kodi iwo amayembekeza zotani ndipo ndi pati pamene angapindule nawo?

Kuyang'ana pamalingaliro a maphunziro, mgwirizano ndi mafakitale uli ndi zokopa zingapo, kuphatikiza:

• Kuwonetsetsa kuti chidziwitso chikumasuliridwa kukhala zinthu ndi phindu kwa anthu onse;
• Kuzindikira mavuto ndi malingaliro kuti mupange zokondweretsa - komanso zopindulitsa - zofufuza;
• Kupereka mwayi wopeza chuma, zonse zachuma ndi zamakono;
  Kubwereketsa kuvomerezeka ku kafukufuku wamaphunziro ndi chithandizo chogwirizana ndi opanga mfundo ndi anthu.

Ndipo poyang'ana mbali inayo, maphunziro amayamikiridwa ndi mafakitale chifukwa:

• Kuphunzitsa anthu odziwa komanso aluso;
• Kuchita kafukufuku wanthawi yayitali, wodziyimira pawokha komanso katundu wopezeka poyera;
• Kupanga malingaliro atsopano komanso osangalatsa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito;
• Kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso chapamwamba kuti athetse mavuto enaake;
• Kukhala ndi malingaliro ophatikizidwa padziko lonse lapansi;
• Kukhala wochita sewero wodalirika potumikira anthu onse.

Izi ndizomveka kuti maubwenzi, omwe amapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito ndi/kapena kulimbikitsa makhalidwewa, amakhala ndi mwayi wopambana kuposa omwe amanyalanyaza kapena kuwaopseza.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi masitepe a maubwenzi abwino

Pozindikira kuti pali zikhulupiriro ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana pakati pa maphunziro ndi mafakitale, Mfundo ya Universality (ufulu ndi udindo) ya Sayansi imapereka dongosolo lalikulu lokhazikika momwe mgwirizano pakati pa maphunziro ndi mafakitale ungaganizidwe:

Mfundo ya Universality (ufulu ndi udindo) ya Sayansi: mchitidwe waulere ndi wodalirika wa sayansi ndiwofunikira pakupita patsogolo kwa sayansi komanso moyo wabwino wa anthu ndi chilengedwe. Mchitidwe woterewu, m'mbali zake zonse, umafuna ufulu woyenda, kuyanjana, kufotokoza ndi kulankhulana kwa asayansi, komanso kupeza kofanana kwa deta, chidziwitso, ndi zina zothandizira kafukufuku. Zimafunika udindo pamagulu onse kuti achite ndi kuyankhulana ndi ntchito zasayansi ndi kukhulupirika, ulemu, chilungamo, kudalirika, ndi kuwonekera poyera, kuzindikira ubwino wake ndi zovulaza zomwe zingatheke.

Mwa kuphatikiza kulingalira kwa Mfundo ya Universality, ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana ndi zochitika za maphunziro ndi mafakitale, munthu akhoza kufotokoza mfundo zazikulu zisanu kapena zofunikira zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pokhazikitsa mgwirizano wothandiza kuthetsa mavuto a chikhalidwe cha anthu padziko lonse:

1. Onse awiri ali ndi udindo wolimbikitsa maubwenzi omwe akhazikika pakumvetsetsana ndi kukhulupirirana ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kuwonekera ndi kuyankha mlandu;
2. Ogwira nawo ntchito m'maphunziro akuyenera kulemekeza ufulu wamalonda ndi ntchito yamakampani, pomwe ogwira nawo ntchito m'mafakitale akuyenera kulemekeza udindo wa ophunzira kuti azilankhulana momasuka ndikufalitsa munthawi yake. Pachifukwa ichi, malamulo okhudza nzeru, kukopera ndi kulemba ziyenera kuthetsedwa msanga;
3. Kupitilira pazokonda zilizonse zamalonda kapena zamaphunziro, onse ogwirizana ali ndi udindo woonetsetsa kuti nkhani zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu, zikhale zopindulitsa kapena zovulaza, zimalankhulidwa momasuka komanso moona mtima munthawi yake;
4. Onse a maphunziro ndi mafakitale ayenera kutenga udindo wawo wa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndikuphatikiza zofunikira zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, chilengedwe, chikhalidwe, ufulu wa anthu ndi zofuna za ogula mu ntchito zawo zogwirizanitsa;
5. Mipata iyenera kufunidwa mkati mwa mgwirizano kuti mupange zokambirana mwachangu ndi anthu ena ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuphatikiza omwe angakhale ndi nkhawa zenizeni za sayansi yomwe ikuchitika. Kukambitsirana kotereku kumatha kuwonjezera nyonga ndi phindu pamagawo onse aukadaulo watsopano.

Kuvomereza mfundozi n'kofunika kuti tipeze mgwirizano wopindulitsa komanso wopindulitsa womwe umathetsa mavuto okhazikika padziko lonse lapansi. Amapereka chiyambi chabwino chokhazikitsa maubwenzi atsopano pakati pa maphunziro ndi mafakitale.

Upangiri uwu ndi udindo wa CFRS, ndipo sizimawonetsa malingaliro a mabungwe omwe ali membala wa ICSU.