International Science Council ndi membala wake, China Association for Science and Technology (pulasitala), mogwirizana ndi Nature, takhazikitsa podcast yatsopano ya magawo asanu ndi limodzi "Ntchito zasayansi m'dziko losintha"Kufufuza momwe ntchito zofufuzira zikuyendera." Pakati pa mndandandawu, ofufuza oyambirira ndi apakati adzakhala akukambirana ndi asayansi akuluakulu, kugawana zochitika za kukula, mgwirizano, ndi kupirira pamene kusintha kwachangu.
Mu gawo lachinayi, mtolankhani wa sayansi Izzie Clarke amalankhula ndi Professor Rashid Sumaila, Canada Research Chair in Interdisciplinary Ocean and Fisheries Economics ku University of British Columbia, ndi Dr Mia Strand, Kafukufuku wa Postdoctoral Fellow ku Nelson Mandela University. Onse pamodzi, amafufuza momwe kafukufuku wa transdisciplinary akusinthira tsogolo la sayansi yam'nyanja komanso chifukwa chake mgwirizano m'magawo, magawo, ndi madera ndikofunikira kuti athane ndi zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi.
Zokambiranazi zikuwonetsa udindo wa utsogoleri wa ofufuza azaka zoyambirira ndi zapakati pakukankhira malire, kulimbikitsa njira zofananira, ndikuphatikiza chidziwitso chamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Izzie Clarke: 00:01
Moni ndikulandilidwa. Ndine mtolankhani wa sayansi Izzie Clarke ndipo mu podcast iyi, yoperekedwa mogwirizana ndi International Science Council, mothandizidwa ndi China Association for Science and Technology, tikhala tikukambirana za mphamvu ya kafukufuku wamagulu osiyanasiyana pofuna kuteteza nyanja yathu, komanso momwe ofufuza oyambirira komanso apakati angabweretse kusintha kwakukulu.
Lero, ndaphatikizidwa ndi Rashid Sumaila, Wapampando waku Canada Research in Interdisciplinary Ocean and Fisheries Economics, ndi Pulofesa ku Yunivesite ya British Columbia ku Canada.
Rashid Sumaila: 00:36
Moni. Zikomo chifukwa chokhala nane.
Izzie Clarke: 00:38
Ndipo Dr Mia Strand, Kafukufuku wa Postdoctoral wa Ocean Nexus Fellow ku Institute for Coastal Marine Research ku Nelson Mandela University ku South Africa.
Mia Strand: 00:48
Hi, Izi. Zikomo kwambiri chifukwa chokhala nane.
Izzie Clarke: 00:51
Zikomo nonse pondijowina. Ndikuganiza kuti tikukhala mu nthawi yomwe tikuyamba kumvetsetsa kuti poteteza nyanja yathu, ndiye kuti tikuteteza dziko lathu lapansi. Ndife dziko la m'nyanja. Ndiye, ndichifukwa chiyani njira yolumikizirana ndiyofunikira pothana ndi zovuta zapanyanja masiku ano?
Rashid Sumaila: 01:09
Inde, kwenikweni, tili ndi nyanja imodzi yapadziko lonse lapansi. Tonse ndife olumikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, kwa ine, awa ndi malo amodzi omwe kusiyanasiyana kofunikira ndikofunikira, moona. Osati asayansi okha, komanso kugwira ntchito ndi boma, ndi mabungwe omwe siaboma, ndi madera, Amwenye, kuyesa kupeza yankho lomwe likugwira ntchito.
Ndine katswiri wa zachuma ndi maphunziro koma ndinaganiza kuti interdisciplinary chifukwa sindinkakhulupirira kuti zachuma yekha angathe kuthetsa mavuto athu aakulu - muyenera kugwira ntchito limodzi. Palibe gulu limodzi kapena chilango chomwe chingathane ndi nkhani za m'nyanja. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa zonse, kuchokera ku chilengedwe mpaka ku chemistry, physics, kwa anthu, madera, kotero iyi ndi labotale yosiyana.
Izzie Clarke: 01:51
Ndi Mia?
Mia Strand: 01:55
Kuderako, ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikiranso kuyankha zovuta zenizeni komanso zenizeni za, makamaka, madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe akukumana ndi zovuta zambiri zakusintha kwanyengo komanso kuwonongeka kwa nyanja ndi acidity ya nyanja, mwachitsanzo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kafukufuku wathu ndi ntchito yathu zikugwirizanadi ndi zenizeni zomwe zikuchitika pansi. Komanso, kuti chikugwirizana ndi ndondomeko ndi mfundo zofunika.
Izzie Clarke: 02:23
Eya, mwamtheradi. Ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti izi zimafuna anthu ambiri okhudzidwa kuti athandize. Kotero, zikafika kwa ofufuza oyambirira ndi apakati, akuthandiza kuti ndi momwe, ndipo ndi luso lotani lomwe likufunika pamtima pa izo?
Mia Strand: 02:38
Ine ndithudi ndikuganiza kuti oyambirira- ndi pakati pa ntchito ofufuza kale ndithu zodabwitsa galimoto mphamvu mu izo. Ndikuganiza kuti tikuwona m'badwo wotsatira kapena m'badwo wamakono wa ofufuza omwe akufunadi kutsata zambiri, zomwe timazitcha nthawi zambiri, njira zapansi-mmwamba, kapena kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chiyanjano ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chikukhudza, monga Rashid anali kunena, NGOs, anthu amtundu, akuluakulu a boma, pa ntchito yomwe amagwira. Tikuwona ofufuza ambiri oyambilira komanso apakati omwe akufuna kutsutsa momwe zinthu ziliri, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti izi ndizofunikira kuti titsatire kafukufuku ndi njira zamakhalidwe abwino.
Rashid Sumaila: 03:19
Mfundo yomwe mumapanga, Mia, yongokankhira envelopu ndikugwedeza dongosolo, ndicho chinthu chimodzi chimene ndimakonda ponena za achinyamata omwe akubwera ku bizinesi iyi. Anthu osiyanasiyana, sichoncho? Ndipo timafunikira malingaliro onsewa ngati tikufuna kupita patsogolo.
Kungokupatsani chitsanzo chachangu, polojekiti yathu, OceanCanada Partnership, imatchedwa mgwirizano, ndi Social Sciences and Research… Humanities Research Council of Canada, yotchedwa SSHRC, ili ndi thandizo la mgwirizano. Ndipo amaumirira kuti osati aphunzitsi osiyana okha, komanso ophunzira ndi anthu ammudzi, boma, abwere palimodzi. Ndipo 50% ya bajeti inali yopanga ntchito zoyambirira.
Izzie Clarke: 04:03
Ndizosangalatsa kuwona kuti izi zayamba kale, kuti zinthu ngati izi zilipo. Kodi munganene kuti pali maluso aliwonse odziwika omwe mukuganiza kuti ndi ofunikira kwambiri pantchito iyi kwa aliyense amene angamvetsere?
Rashid Sumaila: 04:13
Inde. Pankhani ya luso, tikulowera mu luso laukadaulo, tikukamba za AI ndi mapulogalamu ndi zina zotero. Zinthu zikuyenda mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo achinyamata momveka bwino ali ndi chikhalidwechi ndipo amabweretsa izi m'magulu ndipo tikuwona kuti zili ndi phindu lalikulu. Chifukwa chake, iyi ndi gawo limodzi lomwe ndikufuna kuwunikira apa.
Izzie Clarke: 04:37
Mia, pali chilichonse chomwe mungafune kuwonjezera?
Mia Strand: 04:39
Inde. Maluso otsogolera ndi ofunikira. Ndipo tikuwona kuti kuchita nawo mbali m'mawonedwe osiyanasiyana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zokhudzira kapena kudziwa nyanja zam'nyanja ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo zitha kuthandizira kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu kwatanthauzo.
Ndikumva ngati ndapindula kwambiri chifukwa chophunzitsidwa zamakhalidwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa zatsiku ndi tsiku. Kotero, kupitirira ndondomeko zamakhalidwe abwino kwambiri, zomwe ndili otanganidwa kwambiri panthawiyi, ndizo zambiri za momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana za makhalidwe a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi maubwenzi omanga, ndi kuthana ndi ma asymmetries a mphamvu ndi maubwenzi amphamvu omwe ali ophatikizidwa kale mu maubwenzi omwe timapanga kapena omwe alipo kale, komanso kutenga nthawi yomanga kukhulupirirana ndikupanga maubwenzi. Ndichonso chinthu chofunikira.
Izzie Clarke: 05:31
Inde. Popeza iyi ndi nkhani yayikulu kwambiri yoti muthe kuthana nayo, mudzafunika kugwira ntchito ndi anthu limodzi ndi mphamvu ya kafukufuku wa transdisciplinary mwanjira imeneyo. Ndiye, kodi mungandiuze za pulojekiti yomwe mwakhala mukuchita yomwe imabweretsa maphunziro osiyanasiyana pamodzi mkati mwa kafukufuku wam'nyanja, ndipo ndi nkhani yanji yomwe mukufuna kuthana nayo?
Rashid Sumaila: 05:53
Inde. Tili ndi polojekiti yamoyo tsopano, thandizo lina la Canada Partnership, tili ndi maphunziro amilandu m'makontinenti asanu. Tili ndi phunziro lachidziwitso ku Canada, lomwe likukhudzana ndi kasamalidwe ka Amwenye a nyanja ndi nsomba, zomwe akhala nazo zaka mazana ambiri. Kenaka timapita ku Netherlands, tikukamba za chuma chozungulira. Ndiye ife tiri ku West Africa, tikuyang'ana nsomba za IUU, nkhani za jenda ndi kukhazikika, chitetezo cha chakudya.
Kenako timapita ku China, komweko tikuyang'ana zaulimi chifukwa ndi akatswiri pazaulimi. Ndiye, tingaphunzire chiyani kuchokera ku China, ndipo sitikufuna kukhudza chiyani ndi mtengo wautali kuchokera pazomwe adakumana nazo? Pomaliza, ku Costa Rica, ndi ubale wapamtunda ndi nyanja.
Ndipo m'maphunziro onsewa, cholinga chathu ndi momwe tingathanirane ndi zovuta zokhazikika pazachitetezo cha chakudya. Kodi mumadyetsa bwanji mabiliyoni a anthu poyang'anizana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo popanda kuwononga zachilengedwe?
Izzie Clarke: 06:59
Pali mitu yambiri ndi mayiko ndi ngodya zosiyanasiyana za dziko lonse zomwe zikukhudzidwa. Mumayamba bwanji kukonzekera zinthu ngati izi, chifukwa zili ndi magawo ambiri osuntha?
Rashid Sumaila: 07:12
Zowonadi, ndipo ndizovuta, imeneyo ndiye gawo losangalatsa! Ndikuganiza chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe takhala nazo tikugwira ntchito ndi magulu akuluakulu. Koma komabe sikophweka, ndizovuta kwambiri. Pali zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, zilango, zapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi zina zotero. Koma mukudziwa kufunika kwa izi, mpaka pano, ndizodabwitsa.
Izzie Clarke: 07:34
Ndipo Mia, kodi ungandiuze za pulojekiti yomwe iwe ukuchitapo, ndikulankhulanso za momwe zimabweretsera maphunziro osiyanasiyanawa?
Mia Strand: 07:43
Inde. Imodzi mwa ntchito zomwe ndikuchita pano ndi gulu la WIOMSA lotchedwa Blue Tenure Transitions. Ndipo izi zikubweretsa pamodzi asayansi apanyanja ndi azachikhalidwe chamagulu osiyanasiyana, komanso anthu aboma, opanga zisankho, komanso omwe ali ndi chidziwitso mdera.
Ndipo ndikuyesera kumvetsetsa ndikufufuza momwe ufulu wa asodzi ang'onoang'ono ndi amisiri ndi anthu ammudzi ndi am'mphepete mwa nyanja angadziwike bwino komanso amazindikira za ufulu wawo ku Western Indian Ocean, makamaka, pankhani yakukula kwachuma kwachuma cha buluu ndi kuyesetsa, komanso kukulitsa njira zotetezera nyanja monga cholinga cha 30 × 30 pakukonza malo apanyanja zomwe zikuchitika.
Izzie Clarke: 08:33
Ndipo mumalimbikitsa mgwirizano wofanana ndi anthu am'nyanja, komanso m'magawo am'mbuyomu a mndandandawu, takambirana za kufunika kophatikizanso Global South, pokambirana. Ndiye, kodi izi zikuwoneka bwanji pogwira ntchito ndi anthu am'nyanja, ndipo ndichifukwa chiyani icho chili gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakalipano komanso mtsogolo?
Mia Strand: 08:56
Ndikuganizabe kuti tikufunikiradi kuyika zochitika ndi zochitika zenizeni za madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, makamaka ku Global South ndi ku Africa, zomwe zikukumana ndi zovuta zambiri masiku ano. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti njira yokhayo yomwe asayansi kapena ofufuza, kapena opanga zisankho, angatsimikizire kuti akumva ndikumvetsera mozama ndikugwirira ntchito moyenera.
Kotero, kodi izo zikuwoneka bwanji? Mwayi wosinthika wa kafukufuku wa transdisciplinary ndikuti ngakhale kuyambira pachiyambi, mapangidwe a polojekiti ndi momwe timachitira kafukufuku wathu akhoza kupangidwa pamodzi ndi anthu ammudzi. Ndipo ndikuganiza kwa ofufuza oyambirira ndi apakati pa ntchito, ndikuganiza kuti ndi za kumvetsetsa ndani ndi zomwe mukuchita kafukufuku wanu, zomwe mukufuna kuchita ndi chifukwa chiyani. Tikuwona ofufuza ambiri oyambilira komanso apakati omwe akuchita kale izi, ndizabwino kwambiri kuwona.
Izzie Clarke: 09:58
Inde. Ndipo Rashid, mukuganiza kuti ndi zopinga ziti zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi anthu ammudzi azidziwika bwino, ndipo kodi pali njira zomwe tingayambire kuthana nazo?
Rashid Sumaila: 10:11
Inde. Zotchinga, ndi chinenero, nazonso. Wina ndi - Mia, ndimakonda kuti mumatsindika kusalinganika kwa mphamvu ndi kusalinganika, chifukwa ndizofunika kwambiri. Ponyalanyaza madera, tikutaya china chake chonse.
Ndikuganiza kuti dziko lathu ndi chuma chathu chimayendetsedwa kwambiri ndi zomwe zimatchedwa mfundo zakumadzulo, ndipo tikhoza kutsutsana nazo. Ndikuuza anthu kufunafuna phindu sizinthu Zamadzulo chabe. Agogo anga aamuna ankadziwa kuti sangapitirize kuwononga bizinesi yawo yaying'ono. Koma zikuwoneka kuti phindu, phindu lalifupi, likuyendetsa dziko lapansi, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ngati titsegula malo a chidziwitso Chachilengedwe - zomwe ndimatcha nzeru za agogo - kuti tifewetse chinthu cholimba ichi 'ndalama, ndalama, ndalama', zomwe zidzapangitsa kuti dziko likhale labwino, tidzadziwa momwe tingagwirire ndi chilengedwe.
Izzie Clarke: 11:10
Ndi upangiri wanji, ndipo uwu ndi kwa nonse a inu, mungapatse ofufuza azaka zam'mbuyomu komanso apakati omwe akufuna kuyamba ntchito yofufuza mopitilira muyeso?
Mia Strand: 11:20
Ine ndikuganiza ingochita izo. Ndikuganiza kuti sangalalani ndikuphunzira, ndipo zopindulitsa zimaposa mtengo wake, ndinganene, ngakhale zingakupatseni imvi ndipo zimatha kugona usiku, ndikuganiza kuti zipangitsa kuti kafukufuku wanu ndi ntchito yanu ikhale yoyenera, yogwira ntchito, ndipo mudzaphunzira zambiri.
Ndipo khalani okonzeka kukhala odzichepetsa ndi osaphunzira zinthu. Monga Rashid anali kunena, chomwe chiri chofunika kwambiri ndikufunsa mphamvu zina zomwe zingakhale zomveka kuposa ena padziko lapansi pakalipano.
Rashid Sumaila: 12:00
Uwu ndi upangiri wodabwitsa. Sizikhala zophweka. Ndipo, kwenikweni, anthu akhoza kukutchulani mayina chifukwa chokankhira envelopu. Ingowanyalanyaza. Maso pa mpira, limbikirani, limbikirani, pitirizani kukankhira. Mudzasangalala mutachita zimenezi chifukwa dziko likuzindikira zimenezi mochulukira. Chifukwa chake, bwerani, anyamata ndi atsikana! Tiyeni tichite izi ndikukankhira dziko momwe tikufunira kuti likhale labwino pano.
Izzie Clarke: 12:28
Cholemba chokoma chomaliza. Zikomo kwambiri nonse polumikizana nane.
Ngati ndinu wofufuza wakale kapena wazaka zapakati ndipo mukufuna kukhala m'gulu la anthu osagwirizana, lowani nawo International Science Council forum ya asayansi omwe akubwera.
Pitani pa webusaitiyi khonsolo.sayansi/bwalo kuti mudziwe zambiri. Ndine Izzie Clarke ndipo nthawi yotsatira, tidzakambirana za kufunika kokhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso chithandizo chamaganizo kwa ofufuza oyambirira ndi apakati. Mpaka pamenepo.
chandalama
Zambiri, malingaliro ndi malingaliro omwe amaperekedwa m'mabulogu athu a alendo ndi omwe amathandizira aliyense payekhapayekha, ndipo sizikuwonetsa zikhulupiriro ndi zikhulupiriro za International Science Council.
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