International Science Council ndi membala wake, China Association for Science and Technology (pulasitala), mogwirizana ndi Nature, akhazikitsa mndandanda watsopano wa magawo asanu ndi limodzi wa podcast wowunika momwe ntchito zofufuzira zikuyendera. Pakati pa mndandanda, ofufuza oyambirira ndi apakati adzakhala akukambirana ndi asayansi akuluakulu, kugawana zochitika za kukula, mgwirizano, ndi kulimba mtima poyang'anizana ndi kusintha kofulumira.
Kodi zimatengera chiyani kuti sayansi isagwire ntchito padziko lonse lapansi? Mu gawo lachiwiri ili, mtolankhani wa sayansi Izzie Clarke amalankhula ndi mawu awiri otsogola mu diplomacy ya sayansi: Prof Zakri Hamid, Mlangizi wakale wa Sayansi kwa Prime Minister waku Malaysia, ndi María Estelí Jarquín, membala wa ISC Governing Board ndi manejala wa ubale wapadziko lonse ku UK Center for Ecology and Hydrology.
Onse pamodzi, amalingalira za ntchito zawo ndikugawana nzeru za momwe ofufuza angapangire ntchito zopindulitsa mu ndondomeko za sayansi, zokambirana, ndi maudindo a uphungu. Kuchokera pakulangiza nduna zazikulu kupita ku zokambirana zapadziko lonse lapansi, amapereka zowunikira komanso upangiri wothandiza pa luso, malingaliro, ndi mwayi womwe uli wofunika kwambiri.
Izzie Clarke: 00:01
Moni ndi kulandiridwa ku mndandanda wa podcast uwu wokhudza kusintha kwa sayansi kwa ofufuza oyambirira ndi apakati, omwe amaperekedwa mogwirizana ndi International Science Council, mothandizidwa ndi China Association for Science and Technology.
Ndine mtolankhani wa sayansi Izzie Clarke, ndipo nkhaniyi ikunena za kufunikira kwa ntchito mkati mwa mfundo za sayansi, zokambirana ndi upangiri, komanso maluso ofunikira omwe ofufuza azaka zapakati mpaka pakati omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito m'magawo awa.
Lero, ndaphatikizidwa ndi Pulofesa Zakri Hamid, Mtsogoleri wa International Institute of Science Diplomacy and Sustainability ku UCSI University ku Kuala Lumpur, yemwe kale anali Mlangizi wa Sayansi kwa Prime Minister wa Malaysia ndi Fellow wa International Science Council.
Zakri Hamid 00:49:
Hi Izi.
Izi Clarke 00:51:
Ndipo María Estelí Jarquín, yemwe pano ali m'gulu lolamulira la International Science Council, komanso woyang'anira ubale wapadziko lonse ku UK Center for Ecology and Hydrology ku Oxfordshire.
María Estelí Jarquín 01:03:
Hello, Izi. Hello, Professor Zakri. Zikomo chifukwa choyitanitsa.
Izi Clarke 01:07:
Zikomo kwambiri nonse. Tsopano, ndine wokondwa kuyankhula nanu. Ndikutanthauza, maudindo ofunika kwambiri omwe nonse muli nawo. Ndiye, María, tingayambe nanu? Chifukwa chiyani mfundo za sayansi, zokambirana ndi upangiri ndizofunikira kwambiri masiku ano?
María Estelí Jarquín 01:23:
Ndi funso losangalatsa kwambiri, Izzie. Chifukwa chake, tikukhala m'nthawi yakale momwe timafunikira omanga milatho kuposa kale. Choncho, anthu, malingaliro, omwe angathe kugwirizanitsa magawano, kulimbikitsa zokambirana, kuyanjanitsa magulu otsutsana ndi magulu kuti abwere pamodzi ndikupeza mayankho a nthawi yaitali. Ndipo pa ntchito yanga yonse, ndakhala ndikudabwa kwambiri ndi zomwe sayansi ingachite - kuchepetsa mikangano, kuthandizira kuthana ndi zovuta.
Ndipo iyi ndiye gawo lenileni la mfundo za sayansi, zokambirana za sayansi ndi maudindo a upangiri. Iwo ndi ofunikira kwambiri chifukwa amawona kuti mphambano iyi ya chidziwitso ndi zochita ndi sayansi ili ndi mphamvu yodutsa malire, kugwirizanitsa mayiko kuti agwire ntchito limodzi zomwe mwina sakanatero. Alangizi a sayansi, akazembe a sayansi, iwo sakungothetsa mavuto amakono. Iwo akuyala maziko a milatho imene mibadwo yamtsogolo mu zana, mu zaka mazana awiri kuchokera pano idzayendabe.
Izi Clarke 02:26:
Zakri, mwalangizapo ena apamwamba kwambiri ku Malaysia. Ndiye, kodi kukhala mlangizi wa sayansi kumaphatikizapo chiyani ndipo kungakhale ndi zotsatira zotani?
Zakri Hamid 02:36:
Ndiroleni ndikufotokozereni lamulo limodzi lochokera kwa Prime Minister. Nditakumana naye koyamba, ananena kuti: “Ndikudziwa kuti ndiwe wasayansi komanso ndine wandale.
Iye anati, mmodzi, "Kodi upangiri wa sayansi ungatanthauze ndalama zabwinoko kwa anthu athu?" Kutanthauza, kodi tingathe kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi kuthetsa umphawi? Ndipo yachiwiri, anati, "Kodi upangiri wa sayansi ungatanthauze ntchito?" Awa ndi malangizo osavuta koma ndi ovuta. Kotero, uku ndiko kufunikira, kufunika kwa sayansi masiku ano. Ndipo momwe ndimachitira, ndithudi, panali milingo yambiri yogwira ntchito ndi mautumiki omwe akukhudzidwa ndi sayansi kapena kucheza ndi anzathu kunja.
Izi Clarke 03:45:
Zowonadi, ndipo ndikuganiza ndizo… kukongola kwa sayansi ndikuti ndi yamphamvu kwambiri pothetsa mavuto. Koma timafunikiranso anthu omwe amakhala ndi zomwe akumana nazo kuti aziperekanso mu kafukufuku wawo.
María, wakulitsa luso lako pakulumikiza sayansi ndi mfundo. Nanga n’chiyani chinakukokerani kunjira imeneyi ndipo ndi mavuto ati amene munakumana nawo kumayambiriro?
María Estelí Jarquín 04:10:
Pambuyo pa zaka za uni, ndinalembedwa ntchito kuti ndilowe m'magulu osiyanasiyana alangizi kuti ndilangize boma la Latin America pamitu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zonse ndinkadzifunsa chifukwa chake magulu alangiziwa analipo kusiyana ndi kufufuza kafukufuku wamkulu yemwe anali kuchitika. Chifukwa chake, ndinayamba kuyang'ana mapulogalamu a Master komwe ndimatha kuphunzira zambiri za mphambano pakati pa sayansi ndi mfundo, ndipo chinali chiyambi cha zonse za ntchito imeneyi kwa ine.
Zovuta. Chabwino, kuchokera ku Latin America, ndikuchokera kudziko lapakati. Ndinatha kuona molawirira kwambiri kuti sindingakhale ndi mawu patebulo. Chovuta choyamba, mwina mabungwe athu alangizi asayansi sakhala okhazikika ngati maiko ena, momwe tingapangire kuzindikira kwa chikhalidwe cha kufunikira kwa zikhalidwezo. Koma komanso momwe mungakhalire ndi mawu m'dziko lomwe mwina dera langa silinayimedwe mochepera pazokambirana zazikulu zozungulira sayansi.
Izi Clarke 05:10:
Kodi mwadutsamo bwanji ndipo mwadutsa bwanji zolepheretsa zina, kaya ndi jenda, chikhalidwe kapena geography, zomwe zingathandize ena omwe ali ndi udindo womwewo?
María Estelí Jarquín 05:23:
Ndikuganiza kuti ndakhudzidwa ndi zolepheretsa zonse zomwe mudazitchulazi - jenda, mwambo, geography komanso, chofunikira kwambiri, zaka. Chifukwa chake, upangiri wanga pamenepo wa momwe mungayendere ungakhale, choyamba, kudzikonzekeretsa, kuphunzira. Fikiranidi kumsonkhano kapena kumsonkhano kapena kumsonkhano wamayiko osiyanasiyana okonzekera bwino mutuwo, okonzekera bwino kuti nawonso apite nawo.
Chachiwiri, khalani ndi alangizi kuti akuthandizeni kuwongolera zochitikazo. Alangizi omwe mwina ali patsogolo panu pantchito yanu omwe angagawane nawo maphunziro awo okhudza moyo.
Chachitatu ndi chomaliza - khalani odzichepetsa. Nditayamba kugwira ntchito mogwirizana kapena kumanga milatho pakati pa mabungwe asayansi ndi mautumiki a zachilendo ku Latin America - mayiko awiri osiyana kwambiri - ndikukumbukira kuti ndinafika ku ofesi yachilendo ku Costa Rica ndipo ndinawauza kuti, "Moni, ndabwera kuno kuti mudzandiphunzitse zonse zomwe mukuganiza kuti ndikufunika kuphunzira kwa inu." Ndinayamba kuwakhulupirira. Ndipo mumachita bwanji zimenezo? Pokhala odzichepetsa, kukhala omasuka kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano limodzi ndi anzako komanso ndi anzako pazokambirana zamayiko ambiri kapenanso kukambirana.
Izi Clarke 06:41:
Ndikuganiza kuti iyi ndi mfundo yosangalatsa chifukwa ndimaganiza kuti nthawi zina anthu amatha kuchita zochitika ndikuchita mantha, kuchita mantha kuvomereza kuti mwina sakudziwa zomwe akufuna kuphunzira. Ndikuganiza kuti ndi gawo lachiwopsezo komanso kunena kuti ndiphunzitseni, ndithandizeni.
Zakri, tingayang'ane ntchito yanu kwakanthawi? Kodi zina mwazofunikira kapena zisankho ziti zomwe zakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana, okhazikika pamalamulo?
Zakri Hamid 07:10:
Funso lina losangalatsa. Nditalandira PhD yanga, cholinga changa chinali kubwerera kukaphunzitsa ku yunivesite. Kusinthako kunali pamene ndinaitanidwa kuti ndikakhale mlangizi wa sayansi kapena luso la nthumwi za boma la Malaysia zomwe zinkakambirana ndi UN Convention on Biological Diversity, ndipo izi zinali mu 1990. Kumapeto kwa tsiku loyamba la zokambiranazo, ndinalimba mtima kwambiri kuti ndilankhule ndi mtsogoleri wa nthumwi yemwe anali kazembe.
Kotero, ndinamuuza, Madam Ambassador, ndikuganiza kuti ndikufuna kupita kwathu. Ndipo iye anati, Chifukwa chiyani? Ndinati, sindiri wozolowera kwenikweni kapena womasuka ndi kayendetsedwe ka msonkhano. Nthumwi za mayiko omwe ali m'bungwe la United Nations, zochokera m'mayiko 200, zidzakumana pamsonkhanowu kwa theka la ola kenako ndikuyimitsa. Iwo ankasiya kupita kuchipinda chochezerako kwa maola aŵiri ndi theka, akumamwa khofi kapena chirichonse.
Ndiye ndinamuuza kuti, sindikuganiza kuti ndingakwanitse. Anasangalala koma nayenso anakhumudwa kwambiri. Zimenezi zinachitika pafupifupi zaka 40 zapitazo. Sindinayang'ane mmbuyo. Inu mukudziwa chifukwa chake? Chifukwa munali m’chipinda chochezera cha nthumwi mmene zinthu zinagwirizana.
Izi Clarke 08:44:
Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti izi zimatitsogolera bwino ku mfundo zolankhula za luso. Kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zokambilana ndikuyang'anizana ndi zokambiranazo, munganene kuti ndi maluso otani ogwirira ntchito mu mfundo za sayansi ndipo ofufuza angayambe bwanji kuwakulitsa?
Zakri Hamid 09:05:
Choyamba, muyenera kukhala womvetsera wabwino. Kachiwiri, muyenera kuyamikiranso udindo wa mdani wanu. Chachitatu, muyenera kukhala ololera m’lingaliro lakuti anthu ena amalankhula kwambiri kuposa mmene ayenera kuchitira. Chachinayi, muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso.
Kotero, monga wasayansi, ndithudi muli ndi chidziwitso. Koma muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti malangizo asayansi omwe timapereka ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi nkhaniyi. Pomaliza, ndikuganiza, chilichonse chomwe timapereka sichiyenera kukhala chotsatira. Ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi ndondomeko.
María Estelí Jarquín 09:51:
Ndipo ndimamvera zonse zomwe Zakri adanena. Ndipo ndingowonjezera maluso awiri ofewa. Yoyamba - luso lofotokoza nkhani. Ndipo izi zithandiza asayansi ndi ofufuza azaka zoyambirira kuti agawane bwino sayansi yawo. Luso lachiwiri lofunikira - kulumikizana. Ndipo izi ndikuphunzira momwe mungadziwire zochitika zoyenera, anthu oyenerera kuti mulankhule nawo kuti akuthandizeni kukulitsa ntchito yanu ndiyeno kumanga mfundo zofanana, kumanga chikhulupiriro ndi anthu amenewo kuti, A, aphunzire kuchokera kwa iwo kapena, awiri, kuwalangiza.
Izi Clarke 10:25:
Kotero, kwa inu nonse, ndi pati pamene mukuwona mwayi waukulu kwambiri wa ofufuza oyambirira mpaka pakati kuti aperekepo phindu pazokambirana zapadziko lonse kapena zadziko?
Zakri Hamid 10:39:
Choyambira choyamba ndikuchita mdera lanu kapena dziko lanu kuti mutenge nawo gawo ndi mautumiki. Munatchulapo za unduna wa zakunja - chimenecho ndi chimodzi chokha. Koma mu sayansi, pali zambiri. Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Ministry of Trade. Muyenera kukhala pachibwenzi.
Kuchita izi ndikupereka chithandizo ku makomiti omwe akukhazikitsidwa. Chinacho ndi kubweretsa anzanu asayansi. Tidzawona nthawi zina, osati nthawi zonse, asayansi amakhala omasuka kwambiri munsanja yawo ya njovu. Ngati ndinu wophunzira, mumasindikiza mapepala, mukufuna kukwezedwa kukhala pulofesa kapena china chilichonse. Izo nzabwino.
Koma pali chinthu chinanso chomwe chiyenera kukhudzanso maphunziro. Ndipo ndikuwunika ngati zotsatira za kafukufuku wanu ndizogwirizana ndi dziko, ndizogwirizana ndi dera. Chifukwa chake, ngati kufunikirako kulibe, ndikuwuzani kuti muli ndi malo ambiri oti mukule.
Izi Clarke 11:50:
Ndipo María?
María Estelí Jarquín 11:51:
Ndikufuna kuti ndilankhule uthenga kwa onse ofufuza azaka zapakati pazaka zoyambira mpaka zapakati ochokera kumayiko opeza ndalama zapakati omwe angatimvetsere. Khalani olimba mtima pobwera ku mfundo zadziko lino kapena pazokambirana zapadziko lonse lapansi chifukwa ndikukhulupirira kuti musintha zokambirana, chifukwa mubweretsa malingaliro atsopano. Mwina mubweretsa njira zatsopano.
Ndi kofunika chotani nanga kukhala ndi munthu patebulo amene anganene mmene zinthu zimagwirira ntchito ku Southeast Asia, mu Afirika kapena ku Latin America. Kulankhula za mgwirizano wofanana pamene mukugwira ntchito mu sayansi, makamaka kuti mubweretse mawu kwa onse omwe sakhala odziwika bwino mu sayansi, komanso pazokambirana za ndondomeko pamagulu ambiri.
Izi Clarke 12:38:
Zikomo nonse pondijowina lero.
Ngati ndinu wofufuza wakale kapena wazaka zapakati ndipo mukufuna kukhala m'gulu la anthu padziko lonse lapansi, lowani nawo ku International Science Council forum ya asayansi omwe akungotuluka kumene.
Pitani pa webusaitiyi khonsolo.sayansi/bwalo. Ndine Izzie Clarke, ndipo nthawi ina tidzakhala tikuwona momwe AI imakhudzira ntchito zasayansi. Mpaka pamenepo.
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