Pachifukwa ichi, chidziwitso chozikidwa pa sayansi ndi chidziwitso cha mfundo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo kudzipereka kopitilira kuchitapo kanthu pa nyengo ku COP31, ku Türkiye mu Novembala uno, pomwe Australia ikutenga udindo wa Purezidenti pazokambirana. Chidziwitso champhamvu pa zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo kuchokera ku sayansi yachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndizofunikira kuti zithandizire kuchitapo kanthu pa nyengo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mayankho ndi odalirika, olungama komanso ogwira ntchito.
Kumanga pa kuyitana kwa gulu la ISC at COP30 ku Brazil Pofuna kulimbikitsa chithandizo cha sayansi, zinthu zingapo zofunika kwambiri zimaonekera pa momwe gulu la asayansi lingalimbikitsire kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso pochitapo kanthu pa kusintha kwa nyengo.
Chidziwitso: Kuteteza ndi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wasayansi wapadziko lonse lapansi pazochitika zanyengo
Gulu la asayansi padziko lonse lapansi likulimbikitsa kupitilizabe kuthandizira kafukufuku wasayansi ndi mgwirizano kuti athane ndi zovuta zanyengo.
Kusintha kogwira mtima kumadalira kuwona nyengo kodalirika komanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, kufotokoza sikuli kofanana, makamaka m'madera omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa komanso omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha nyengo. Kusowa kwa deta ya in-site kumapangitsa kuti pakhale malo osafunikira kukonzekera kusintha komwe kukufunika kwambiri. Njira zambiri zowonera zomwe zilipo zikugawikana kwambiri, ndalama zochepa komanso zovuta kuzitsatira chifukwa cha bajeti yochepa, zomwe zikuika ma data osasinthika a nthawi yayitali pachiwopsezo.
Pamene zotsatira za nyengo zikuchulukirachulukira komanso mopitirira muyeso, pakufunika kulimbikitsa njira zowonera kuti zithandizire njira zochenjeza msanga komanso zochepetsera zoopsa, komanso kuwunika njira zosinthira. Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kusunga njirazi kumafuna kuphatikiza kwa nthawi yayitali kwa zinthu zowonera za satellite ndi zomwe zikuchitika pamalopo, kuziona ngati zomangamanga zofunika kwambiri za anthu onse - monga mayendedwe kapena kulumikizana - m'malo mongowonjezera kafukufuku wosankha.
Ngakhale kuti anthu akuzindikira kufunika kwa kusintha kwa nyengo, ndalama zofufuzira sizikukwanira, zimagawanika komanso sizikugawidwa mofanana m'magawo ndi m'madera osiyanasiyana. Kupatula kuwonjezera ndalama zopezera ndalama kudzera m'njira zadziko lonse komanso zamayiko ambiri, zolinga zofufuzira ziyenera kusintha kuchoka pa mapulojekiti anthawi yochepa kupita ku ntchito zogawana zomwe zili ndi mafunso ofufuza wamba, ma data ogawana komanso zizindikiro zogwirira ntchito limodzi.
Mgwirizano wapadziko lonse uyenera kusonkhezeredwa, kuphatikizapo mgwirizano weniweni pakati pa anthu ndi anthu osiyanasiyana womwe umafuna njira zogwirira ntchito limodzi zomwe zimaphatikiza sayansi yachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, pomwe zikuphatikiza anthu omwe akuchita nawo zandale komanso zandale komanso mgwirizano wamphamvu m'madera osiyanasiyana. Izi zimafunanso kusintha kwa chikhalidwe kuchoka pa njira zofufuzira zopikisana kupita ku mgwirizano, komanso ndalama zambiri popanga chidziwitso chomwe chilipo, koma chogawanika, osati kafukufuku watsopano wofufuza.
Chidziwitso cha sayansi chokha sichidzakwanira kuthana ndi zovuta za kusintha kwa nyengo. COP30 idawonetsa kufunika kophatikiza chidziwitso chozikidwa pa zokumana nazo, chozikidwa pa machitidwe amoyo ndi kuyang'anira kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zikuphatikizapo chidziwitso cha alimi, asodzi, abusa ndi okhala m'mizinda, komanso akatswiri monga mainjiniya, othandizira pazadzidzidzi, akatswiri azaumoyo wa anthu onse ndi okonza mapulani amizinda.
Machitidwe a chidziwitso cha anthu achikhalidwe ndi magwero ofunikira kwambiri omvetsetsa za chilengedwe ndi miyambo yokhazikika m'mibadwo yosiyanasiyana. Izi zidatsimikiziridwa ndi utsogoleri wa COP30 wa ku Brazil womwe ukuwonetsa momwe Amazon ilili. Vuto lalikulu silikudziwikanso, koma kuphatikiza machitidwe osiyanasiyana a chidziwitso: kupanga njira zolimba za epistemological zomwe zimaphatikiza chidziwitso cha khalidwe ndi kuchuluka, pomwe zikuyang'ana nkhani za chuma chanzeru, chilolezo ndi ulamuliro.
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Anthu amatanthauzira chidziwitso cha sayansi kudzera mu zomwe akumana nazo, makhalidwe abwino, umunthu wawo, ndi udindo wawo. Sayansi imakhala yothandiza pa chikhalidwe cha anthu ikathandiza anthu kusankha bwino zinthu - monga kukonza mizinda, nyumba, ntchito kapena thanzi - pamene akuganizira nkhawa za nzika ngati zinthu zoyenera osati zopinga.
Njira zofufuzira zomwe zimagwira ntchito limodzi komanso zomwe zapangidwa pamodzi zimatha kulimbitsa kufunika kwake popanda kusokoneza kulimba kwa sayansi, ndichifukwa chake asayansi ambiri omwe ali ndi luso loyambirira ali ofunitsitsa kupanga njira zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimagwirizanitsa kafukufuku mwachindunji ndi mfundo ndi machitidwe am'deralo. Kuphatikiza pa kuphatikiza asayansi azachikhalidwe m'magulu ofufuza, kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu a nzika, komanso kuthandizira malo owonera nthawi yayitali pankhani monga kutentha, kusefukira kwa madzi kapena mpweya wabwino kungathandize kuti chidziwitso cha sayansi chizigwiritsidwa ntchito m'deralo kuti chithandizire kuchitapo kanthu pa nyengo.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika nkhani m'deralo ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chomangira chidaliro ndikulimbana ndi kampeni yopereka chidziwitso chabodza chomwe chimachedwetsa ndikuchepetsa zochita za nyengo. Kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa chidziwitso chinali chimodzi mwa zotsatira zodziwika bwino za COP30 kudzera mu kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chisankho cha Mutirão ndi zokhudzana Pulogalamu Yapadziko Lonse Yokhudza Kukhulupirika kwa Chidziwitso pa Kusintha kwa Nyengo.
Kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa kuwunika kwasayansi komwe kumachitika ndi Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), nthawi zambiri zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri zilizonse, ndi zokambirana zapachaka za COP pansi pa UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Palinso zovuta zokhudzana ndi chilungamo ndi kuyimilira m'mapulojekiti asayansi apadziko lonse lapansi, pamodzi ndi zovuta zaukadaulo za zotsatira za IPCC, zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wopezeka kwa opanga mfundo ndi anthu onse.
Motero, nzeru za sayansi zofunika nthawi zambiri sizimathandiza kusintha mfundo. Chifukwa chake, atsogoleri amtsogolo a COP angafune kuganizira zokhazikitsa njira yokhazikika yolumikizira sayansi ya nyengo mu ndondomeko ya UNFCCC, kuwonjezera udindo wa IPCC wowunikira pamene akuyankha liwiro lachangu komanso zosowa zomwe zikusintha pakukambirana.
Mu 2026 ndi kupitirira apo, njira zowonera zinthu mokhazikika, njira zodziwira zinthu zonse, ndi ndondomeko zofufuzira zogwirizana zidzakhala zofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale umboni wokwanira komanso wozama wofunikira kuti pakhale kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo moyenera. Kulandira chidziwitsochi, makamaka m'deralo, kumadalira mapangidwe ofufuza omwe amakhudza mokwanira sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo anthu ambiri okhudzidwa, komanso kuyesetsa kwambiri polankhulana ndi nzeru zasayansi komanso kutsutsa mfundo zabodza.
Pa mlingo wapadziko lonse lapansi, chisokonezo cha ndale komanso kusayika ndalama zokwanira pakufufuza zasayansi zikupitirirabe patsogolo pa COP31. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri kukulitsa mgwirizano m'magawo, m'madera ndi m'madera, komanso kulimbitsa zokambirana pakati pa asayansi ndi opanga mfundo. Koposa zonse, kutsimikiziranso kudzipereka kwathu ku sayansi, chidziwitso chogawana ndi kukambirana momasuka ndikofunikira kuti tithe kupanga zisankho zodziwikiratu kuti anthu ndi dziko lapansi akhale otetezeka komanso achilungamo.
Chithunzi: NASA/Kathryn Hansen kudzera Flickr (CC NDI 2.0)
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