Tsogolo Lathu Limadalira Ife: Kusintha kwa nyengo ku Antarctic ndi chilengedwe

Dziko la Antarctica, lomwe lili kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa dziko lapansi, lili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, ilinso limodzi mwa madera omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha kusintha kwa nyengo. Pamene kutentha kwapadziko lonse kukukulirakulirabe, kukhudzidwa kwa Antarctica ndi nyanja zozungulira kudzakhala kwakukulu. Pofuna kuwunikira izi, a Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) adagwira ntchito ndi asayansi padziko lonse lapansi kuti apange Kusintha kwa Climate ku Antarctic ndi Chidziwitso cha Zaka Zakale za Chilengedwe (ACCE). Lipotilo limapereka chidule cha kafukufuku wazaka khumi, ndipo mitu yake isanu ndi itatu imasiya chikayikiro chochepa: kontinenti ya Antarctic ikutentha, komanso mozungulira nyanja ya Southern Ocean.

Kusintha kwa Nyengo ndi Antarctica

Kusintha kwanyengo kukukhudza kwambiri madzi oundana a ku Antarctica, nyengo ndi moyo, zomwe zili ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Lipoti la ACCE limapereka mafotokozedwe achidule, ophatikiza a kumvetsetsa kwapano, malingaliro omveka bwino azomwe angachite kuti athetse kusintha, ndi malingaliro a kafukufuku wowonjezera. Ndikofunikira kuti timvetsetse zomwe kusinthaku kumatanthauza ku Antarctic ndi dziko lonse lapansi - komanso zomwe tingachite. Lipotilo lidatsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa wa Monash University, Steven Chown, Director of Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future (SAEF) ndi Purezidenti Wam'mbuyo wa SCAR.

Kulankhulana Vital Science

Lipoti la ACCE lidapangidwa ku msonkhano wa 2022 wa Antarctic Treaty Consultative ku Berlin, womwe udapangidwa kuti udziwitse Maphwando a Pangano momwe tikufunikira kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti tichepetse zovuta zakusintha kwanyengo ku Antarctica ndi Nyanja ya Kumwera. Komabe, uthenga wa lipotilo ndi womwe uyenera kugawidwa mochuluka momwe zingathere. Kuti izi zitheke, SCAR idapanga makanema ofotokozera mwachidule mauthenga ofunikira kuchokera ku lipotilo, ndi mawonekedwe okopa opangidwa kuti afikire anthu atsopano.

Sewerani kanema

Makanemawa akufotokozera mwachidule momwe kusintha kwanyengo kumakhudzira magawo osiyanasiyana adziko lapansi, m'njira zomwe zimalumikizana kwambiri ndi Antarctica ndi Nyanja ya Kumwera:

• Atmosphere: Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutentha kwa mumlengalenga kumakhudza zochitika za mumlengalenga, monga mafunde a kutentha, mvula, ndi kachitidwe ka mphepo.
• Nyanja: Nyanja ya Kumwera ndi amodzi mwa malo ozama kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo kafukufuku akufunika kuti amvetsetse momwe izi zimakhudzira nyanja zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi nyengo.
• Cryosphere: Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe mlengalenga wa Antarctic - womwe umaphatikizapo madzi oundana a m'nyanja, permafrost, ndi madzi oundana - ukusintha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mlengalenga ndi nyanja.
• Mulingo wa Nyanja: The Antarctic Ice Sheet imakhala ndi madzi okwanira kukweza nyanja yapadziko lonse ndi 58 metres ngati itasungunuka kwathunthu. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa momwe madzi oundana amachitira ndi kusintha kwa nyengo komanso momwe izi zingakhudzire kuchuluka kwa nyanja padziko lonse lapansi.
• Zamoyo Zam'madzi & Zamoyo Zapadziko Lapansi: Kusintha kwa nyengo ya ku Antarctica kumakhudza zamoyo zomwe zimakhala kumeneko, zomwe zambiri zimatengera chilengedwe cha Antarctic. Zamoyo monga krill, mwala wofunikira kwambiri wa chilengedwe cha Antarctic, zakhudzidwa kale ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.

Tsogolo Lathu Limadalira Ife

Ponseponse, lipoti la ACCE ndi chikumbutso champhamvu chakusintha kwanyengo padziko lapansi komanso kufunika kochitapo kanthu. Pamene lipotilo likumaliza, “tsogolo la Antarctica n’logwirizana kwambiri ndi tsogolo la nyengo ya padziko lonse, ndipo mavuto amene angakumane nawo polimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo adzafunika mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano umene sunachitikepo n’kale lonse.”

Kusintha kwa nyengo kudzakhala ndi zotsatira pa Antarctica ndi Nyanja ya Kumwera, zambiri zomwe tikuziwona kale lero. Komabe, sikunachedwe kuchitapo kanthu. Tiyenera kukwaniritsa ndi kupitirira mipherezero ya kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha kwa Pangano la Paris Climate Agreement - ndikuchita izi mwachangu.

Tsogolo lathu limadalira ife.

Za SCAR

The Komiti Yasayansi pa Antarctic Research (SCAR) ndi bungwe lodziwika bwino la International Science Council, ndipo linakhazikitsidwa mu 1958. SCAR ili ndi udindo woyambitsa, kupanga ndi kugwirizanitsa kafukufuku wa sayansi wapadziko lonse ku Antarctic Region (kuphatikizapo Southern Ocean), ndi ntchito ya Chigawo cha Antarctic mu dongosolo la Earth. SCAR imapereka upangiri wodziyimira pawokha wasayansi ku Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings ndi mabungwe ena monga UNFCCC ndi IPCC pankhani za sayansi ndi kasungidwe zomwe zimakhudza kasamalidwe ka Antarctica ndi Southern Ocean komanso gawo la dera la Antarctic mu dongosolo la Earth.

Report Citation: Chown, SL, Leihy, RI, Naish, TR, Brooks, CM, Convey, P., Henley, BJ, Mackintosh, AN, Phillips, LM, Kennicutt, MC II & Grant, SM (Eds.) (2022) ) Kusintha kwa Nyengo ku Antarctic ndi Chilengedwe: Chidule Chachikulu Chachikulu ndi Malangizo Ogwira Ntchito. Komiti Yasayansi pa Antarctic Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.